給力益生提示新生兒并非一定要額外補充維生素

給力(li)益生母(mu)嬰健(jian)康護理專家(jia)提(ti)示：新生兒是否缺乏(fa)維生素(su)，要(yao)根據產(chan)婦(fu)在(zai)孕期的身體狀況來進行判斷。一般健(jian)康孕婦(fu)分娩(mian)的新生兒，很少(shao)缺乏(fa)維生素(su)，因此不需要(yao)額外補充。

如果(guo)孕婦妊娠期(qi)維生(sheng)素(su)攝入(ru)嚴重不(bu)足、胎盤功能(neng)低下或發生(sheng)早產，新生(sheng)兒就可能(neng)缺乏維生(sheng)素(su)D、維生(sheng)素(su)C、維生(sheng)素(su)E和葉酸，所以，要根據新生(sheng)兒維生(sheng)素(su)的缺乏程度(du)，及(ji)時給予補充。

其中，維(wei)生素(su)K缺(que)乏，可引(yin)起新生兒自發出(chu)血(xue)癥或遲發維(wei)生素(su)K缺(que)乏出(chu)血(xue)癥。

尤(you)其是純(chun)母乳喂養(yang)的(de)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)(er)，發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)幾率比較(jiao)(jiao)大。因此，常規給出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后的(de)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)(er)肌注維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)K，是起預防作用(yong)的(de)。早(zao)產兒(er)(er)腸道菌群生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)較(jiao)(jiao)晚，肝功能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)育不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)熟，容易(yi)出(chu)現維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)K缺乏(fa)，應(ying)每(mei)日補(bu)(bu)(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)K，連(lian)續補(bu)(bu)(bu)充3次。維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)D：雖然新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)(er)出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)儲存(cun)一定(ding)量的(de)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)D，但是如果不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)夠在室外接受(shou)足(zu)夠的(de)陽光，又不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)通過(guo)(guo)食物攝入，新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)(er)可出(chu)現維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)D缺乏(fa)性手足(zu)搐搦癥和佝僂病。為防止(zhi)此癥的(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，應(ying)該從出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后半(ban)個月開始，為新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)(er)補(bu)(bu)(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)D，每(mei)日400IU。維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)E：一般(ban)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)需要(yao)補(bu)(bu)(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)E，但早(zao)產兒(er)(er)需要(yao)補(bu)(bu)(bu)充，每(mei)日30毫克就可滿足(zu)要(yao)求。維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)A過(guo)(guo)量：在補(bu)(bu)(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)D時(shi)，有的(de)爸(ba)爸(ba)媽媽為新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)(er)選用(yong)魚肝油制劑，即維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)AD劑。但選用(yong)時(shi)要(yao)掌握好計量，如果比例不(bu)(bu)(bu)合適，可發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)A過(guo)(guo)量，甚(shen)至中毒。