新生(sheng)兒是(shi)否缺乏維(wei)生(sheng)素，要根據(ju)產婦在孕(yun)期的(de)身體狀況(kuang)來進行判斷(duan)。一(yi)般健康(kang)孕(yun)婦分娩(mian)的(de)新生(sheng)兒，很少(shao)缺乏維(wei)生(sheng)素，因此不需要額(e)外補充。
如果孕婦妊娠期(qi)維(wei)生素攝(she)入嚴重不(bu)足、胎盤功能低(di)下或發(fa)生早產，新(xin)(xin)生兒就可能缺(que)乏(fa)維(wei)生素D、維(wei)生素C、維(wei)生素E和葉酸，所以，要根(gen)據新(xin)(xin)生兒維(wei)生素的缺(que)乏(fa)程度，及時(shi)給予補充。
其(qi)中(zhong)，維生素(su)K缺(que)乏，可引起新生兒(er)自發出血(xue)癥或遲(chi)發維生素(su)K缺(que)乏出血(xue)癥。
尤其是(shi)純母(mu)乳喂養的(de)(de)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)，發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)幾率比較大。因此，常規給出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后的(de)(de)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)肌注維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)K,是(shi)起預防(fang)作用的(de)(de)。早產(chan)(chan)兒(er)腸道菌群生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)較晚，肝功能發(fa)(fa)育不(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟，容易出(chu)現(xian)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)K缺乏(fa)，應每日(ri)補(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)K,連續(xu)補(bu)充3次。維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)D:雖然新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)儲(chu)存一(yi)定量(liang)的(de)(de)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)D,但是(shi)如果不(bu)(bu)能夠(gou)在室外接受足夠(gou)的(de)(de)陽(yang)光，又不(bu)(bu)能通過食(shi)物攝入，新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)可(ke)出(chu)現(xian)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)D缺乏(fa)性手足搐搦癥和佝(gou)僂病。為(wei)(wei)(wei)防(fang)止(zhi)此癥的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，應該從出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后半個月開始，為(wei)(wei)(wei)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)補(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)D,每日(ri)400IU.維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)E:一(yi)般新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)不(bu)(bu)需要(yao)補(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)E,但早產(chan)(chan)兒(er)需要(yao)補(bu)充，每日(ri)30毫(hao)克就可(ke)滿足要(yao)求(qiu)。維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)A過量(liang)：在補(bu)充維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)D時(shi)，有(you)的(de)(de)爸爸媽媽為(wei)(wei)(wei)新(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兒(er)選(xuan)用魚肝油制劑(ji)，即(ji)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)AD劑(ji)。但選(xuan)用時(shi)要(yao)掌握好計量(liang)，
如果比例不合適，可發生維(wei)生素A過量，甚至中毒。
